The Environmental Values of Industrial Nations and Native Societies Essay

The Environmental Values of Industrial Nations and Native Societies - Essay Example Man’s relationship with nature and his environment has always been stimulated by his economic interests and dictated by political decisions. This can be proven by just studying the distinctive characteristics of the values adhered to by industrial and native societies. The industrialized countries of the world today are generally societies with capitalist economic backbones. Capitalism is a system that thrives on the drive of private businesses to utilize the earth’s resources to derive profits. It is basically incidental that such business interest also results in the satisfaction of consumerist demands. In fact, it is because of the interest of profits that prompt businesses to create demands from consumers. As industries owned by private businesses try to create wealth and as the consumers demand for more, the requirement for the massive exploitation of sources of energy, of above-ground and underground land resources and minerals, as well as aquatic resources become s an imperative. Industrial and capitalist countries tend to set aside environmentalist concepts to make way for economic activities that would satisfy business and consumerist interests. Consequently, this resulted to wanton disregard of the well-being of the environment. However, environmental degradation is not only brought about in the process of the capitalist society’s aim to produce more wealth. The products and production wastes have also resulted in pollution. This is the reason why, globally, it is the industrialized nations that are the major exploiters of natural resources and are, at the same time, the worst polluters. There are sectors in industrial societies though which have seen the necessity to introduce protection for the environment. To some extent, these have compelled their respective governments to introduce regulatory policies in favor of the environment. However, â€Å"government agencies and ministries concerned with economic growth †¦ usually have more power and influence on government policy than the ministry concerned with the environment†¦ these agencies generally argue against strict environmental laws and regulations on the grounds that such policies reduce economic growth† (Desai 2002, p.374). In many cases, the government is beholden to business groups, which is why environmental policies by the state are oftentimes inadequate. The treatment of the environment by native societies is very much in contrast to that of the industrial countries. Native populations are generally more conscious about taking care of the environment. They make sure that the resources are not overused or abused while at the same time relying on the environment for their basic needs. Unlike in industrial countries, there are no big capitalists in native societies, which mean that all semblances of production are not at all profit-driven. Instead, the utilization of resources, which may have an effect on the environment, is a resul t of man’s need for food, clothing, and shelter. However, it is true that the respect and the protection of the environment and its resources can oftentimes be brought about by religious or superstitious beliefs. According to Robert Brightman, â€Å"rather than inhibiting overkill, religious definition of the

DATA MINING AND VISUALISATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

DATA MINING AND VISUALISATION - Essay Example Name of Algorithm: Eulid’s Algorithm Criteria of the Eulid’s Algorithm To measure was defined as placing shorter measuring length S in a successful times (q times) along a longer length (L), until the remaining portion (r) becomes less than the shorter length (S). In other words, the remainder r = L – q x s, q as the quotient is the modulus, which is the integer fractional par left after the division. In order for this method to work well, the lengths starting the process ought to satisfy 2 requirements. First, the lengths need not be zero. Secondly, the subtraction need not be proper and the test should guarantee that of the two, the smaller must be subtracted from the larger one. Description of the Eulid’s Algorithm This algorithm was postulated by Euclid who poses a math problem. The problem is such that provided with 2 numbers that are not prime to each other one would find the greatest common measure for the two numbers. In this case, the number was d efined as the multitude consisting of units, a counting number, and a positive integer excluding zero. The original proof of the Euclid adds a third, in which the two lengths not being prime to the other. Euclid stipulated with a view to construct a proof that the common measure for the two numbers is in the greatest. ... This is again subtracted from 21 with the remainder being 14, from which 7 is subtracted. In this case, seven would be left. However, seven cannot be subtracted from 7 (Yanhong, 2002). The diagram below shows the Euclid’s algorithm. Advantages of Euclid’s algorithm Euclid’s algorithm has various advantages. First, the algorithm involves step-by-step rep. of the solution to any given problem and it also has a definite procedure hence it is quite easy understanding it. It is quite easy developing and converting it to the flowchart and finally developing it into a computer program. Additionally, the algorithm is independent of the programming language, and given that every step has its logical sequence it is easy debugging it. Disadvantages of the Eudlid’s algorithm. The use and development process of the algorithm is somewhat cumbersome, as well as time consuming given that the algorithm has to be developed first, then be converted into a flowchart and final ly a computer program. Name of the algorithm: Force-based Criteria of Force-based algorithm The force-based algorithms often achieve the pattern through assigning forces in a set of edges, along with the set of nodes. In this case, the straight forward method entails assigning forces as though the edges were springs and nodes as though they were particles that were electrically charged. The graph is stimulated as though it were the physical system with the forces being applied on the nodes, by pulling the nodes together and pushing the somewhat further apart. The process is repeated iteratively until when the system reaches the equilibrium state. In this case, the relative positions of the nodes are not altered from one position to the other. The graph is then drawn at such

IFRS and GAAP Accounting Principles Essay Example for Free

IFRS and GAAP Accounting Principles Essay IFRS is also referred to as International Financial Reporting Standards. They are set of standards of accounting developed by International Accounting Standards Board (IASA). They are becoming the standards in the globe to be used for preparation of financial statements for the public companies. IASB is independent body which sets accounting standards which is based in London (McLaughlin, 2009). This body consists of fifteen members who are from nine countries including United States. IASB started operating in 2001 since it succeeded International Accounting Standards Committee. With desperate laws, cultures, tax regulation and commerce, individual nations, overtime have come so as to develop accounting systems of their own. In United States, Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB), formed in year 1973, was third group which developed the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in U. S, since the formal setting of standards which started in 1939. FASB is the first group in US which employed independently funded full-time professionals to be independent in accounting profession. Sanctioned officially in 1973 December, by Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which was federal regulator, FASB up to now continues setting accounting standards for U. S (Subramani, 2009). IASC was formed shortly after FASB had been formed in the same year so as to develop accounting standards which will be internationally accepted. During the early 1970s, economy of the globe was at that time marked by expansion of the cross-border activities. This time seemed to be right in considering whether there was a need to set universal accounting standards to address world which was shrinking (McLaughlin, 2009). IASC in their effort of promoting acceptance of one set standards of accounting globally, tried to write certain inclusive standards. Committee members often had difficult in achieving a common consensus on proper accounting treatment to transactions which were similar or the same (AICPA, 2010). They identified preferred treatments, but accounting which was different with also different results was as well allowed. They considered this as necessary so as to promote the acceptance of complete set for the world accounting standards. If specific standard was much different from that which was accepted generally in an individual country, that nation may not accept all the set standards. It was better in allowing some alternatives in order to bring many nations into the mix. International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) replaced IASC after it had issued 41accounting standards to be used internationally in 2001. Since formation of IASB, it has issued around eight IFRS and also they have modified several international accounting standards (IASs). In 2000, European Commission provided the international standards large boost as it announced initiative which required every listed company in the European union to be using IFRS starting the year 2005. Before mandatory introduction for all companies to use IFRS, all countries in European Community regulated separately their standards of reporting (McLaughlin, 2009). The measure of using IFRS did not affect the non-listed companies in Europe. European ministers’ council approved IFRS in 2002. At the start of 2005; approximate of 7000 companies effected the change. Around 6500 of these companies had been prior reporting GAAP in their own country, with almost 3000 of them in UK alone (Ernst Young, 2009). EU however, never endorsed three paragraphs in IAS 39, and these were standards which deal with measurements and recognition of the financial instruments. Volatility potential of the earnings which was related to such paragraphs’ accounting macro hedge as well as option of fair value made the standard setters to go back in the drawing board several times, but there was no appearance of silver bullets. Up to now, EU has not fully endorsed set of the IFRS which was promulgated by IASB (Jermakowicz, Epstein, 2008). Failure of EU to fully endorse these set of international standards is significant issues to several reasons, not the few which is requirement in the IAS1, financial statement presentation that is explicitly stated by a company that their financial statements are complying with the IFRS (McLaughlin, 2009). Companies are further not allowed to state their financial statements as complying with IFRS if it does not fully comply with whole body of the IFRS. The accounting standards so as to gain world wide acceptance, there is a need for them to be universally applied. It is necessary to have comparability. Financial statement set prepared using GAAP of country A is not comparable suddenly to another which is prepared using GAAP of country B since both of them on the top states IFRS (AICPA, 2010). United States key regulator priority is the consistent application of these standards. If to be accordance with the IFRS means the similar and same transactions have to be accounted in same way in every nation, then preparing financial statements according to IFRS will have to add value. Investors will no longer waste their effort and time in reconciling financial information when comparing to companies which are similar but in different countries (Subramani, 2009). Capital will then flow efficiently and at a low cost to companies in many places. Another major boost for acceptance of the IFRS was seen in 2002as the Norwalk Agreement was being signed and was reaffirmed in the Memorandum of Understanding in 2006. IASB in the London together with FASB in the Norwalk agreed to remove the differences in their standard sets and converge it on high-quality standards (Ernst Young, 2009). The emphasis was on high-quality and this meant that if the FASB standards or IASB standard was deemed to be better, then the convergence was would be on the superior one. If neither of them had sufficient standards which would qualify to be used internationally, then the two boards would jointly work together to produce new standards. Work is on progress in developing a conceptual single framework which will guide in setting future standards. Convergence between U. S GAAP and IFRS do not mean accounting standards should become identical. It means that in the cases where the transactions are similar or the same, then the accounting should be just the same, or if not so, the disclosures should be transparent to enable reader understand about the differences (Subramani, 2009). Also the standard setters are putting more effort to reduce the difference which is in the two systems. Three significant differences between IFRS and GAAP. The difference between the two set of standards include the following: in the US GAAP in the income statement, extraordinary items is restricted to some items which are both infrequent and unusual (McLaughlin, 2009). Negative goodwill usually is treated as an extraordinary item. In the IFRS, income statement usually prohibits extraordinary items. In the US GAAP the significant items in the income statement are presented separately at the face of income statement just as component of operation going on, where as in the IFRS significant items in the income statement separate the disclosure of nature and also the amount required, but it can be included in income statement or notes (Ernst Young, 2009). Changes in the equity in U. S PAAF are present in all the changes in every caption of the stockholders’ equity either in separate statement or foot note. Equity changes in IRFS at least, presents components which are related to expense and income recognized as section of separate statement (AICPA, 2010). Other equity changes are disclosed either in notes or presented as a part of one, combined statement in all equity changes. Three similarities between IFRS and GAAP. In both accounting standards, exchange losses and gains on the settled items and also on the monetary items which are unsettled should be taken to loss or profit for that period. When loss or gain on non-monetary items is directly recognized in equity, then that loss or gain is further taken to the equity (Ernst Young, 2009). On the other hand if losses or gains on non-monetary item are taken in loss or profit, then related component of exchange would further be included in loss or profit. Functional currency should be currency of primary economy in environment the business is operating. The other currencies should be treated or termed as foreign currencies. Presentation of currencies should be currencies used in presenting financial statement and is usually matter of one’s choice (AICPA, 2010). Financial statements should be prepared by the functional currency of the entity but may be presented by any other form of currency. Individual transactions should be translated at rate on date of transaction, or at any average rate for period if the rates do not significantly fluctuate. Identify three potential risks of IFRS and GAAP convergence. There are several risks which may affect companies as a result of the convergence. They include that; the convergence may risk tax rate and thus making it not to be effective to some companies, it may also risk the long term financial agreements and contracts, and it may also risk timing of the revenue recognition (Ernst Young, 2009).

Strategies for Change Management in Healthcare

Strategies for Change Management in Healthcare An Overview of Change by Management for Better Patient Care Smitha B. Vadakkan Registered nurses are on the front line in all the hospitals for early detection and prompt intervention when patients conditions deteriorate. So better patient outcomes and patient satisfaction are influenced by the number of registered nurses available to assess patients on an ongoing basis. So I like to select a change that management could undertake to improve patient care where I work is the staffing patterns. Adequate nursing care delivered directly depends on the nurse patient ratio. Change can be planned and managed, or it can occur haphazardly (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). Nursing is in the middle of so many revolutionary changes. To bring changes to the workplace depends on nurse’s attitude to adapt the change and the learning options and the support from the management. One of the theoretical perspective for the change is the learning dimensions. Continual learning is needed for an accelerated change and it provides ongoing learning of employees. Ongoing learning improves adaptation, resilience, and the hardiness of employees, which in turn result in desired responses to accelerated change (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). Skills that are needed to augment this change are systems thinking, personal proficiency, team learning, shared vision and use of information technology increases the access to needed knowledge. Normative-reeducative strategy is the most appropriate for nursing because it is the most likely to advance the profession. It is the strategy employed throughout nursing today to incorporate the latest informatics technology into everyday practice (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). In this strategy the members of the system work out programs of change under their own direction. Definition of the change problem includes the probability that shifts in attitudes, values, norms, and relationships between players in the system and between the system and its external environment (Miles, 2007). There is a mutual collaboration between the members and the management in the development of the final strategy. There are external and internal factors that influence change in nursing. The internal factors include the patient acuity levels, staff- patient ratio, treatment modules, and the use of modern technologies in nursing. External factors include social and economic factors that influence how nursing is practiced. Nurses are socialized in a unique way during their education and experience in practice and therefore prepared like no other group to monitor nursing practice (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). Nursing strength is found stronger when there is a collaborative effort of nurses in four different roles such as practitioners, educators, researchers, and managers. To have a better change in safe staffing the nurse managers should understand the external and internal factors and make changes which can bring better patient outcomes. Planned change is a better option in safe staffing. When there is a change to be made in the workplace, it is always good to include the nurses and other health care professionals in the unit for opinions and recommendations. The nurses in the unit better know how is the patient acuity level of the unit, how many assisted personnel working on the unit, which shift is the busiest, how can the structure of the unit to be modified for easy access of supplies etc.. There are many ways of implementing change. However, planned change, which is a purposeful, calculated and collaborative effort to bring about improvements with the assistance of a change agent, is commonly adopted in nursing (Roussel 2006). So the nurse manager should ask the nurses for recommendations how safe staffing can be implemented in the unit. Nurse manager with the help of the nurses in the unit can work out safe staffing by not giving two or more people vacation or holidays at the same time or balancing the schedule without giving more people off on the same day, not allowing the same person for more than two overtimes in one month, leaving the person for burnout, if the unit really needs more nurses, the nurse manager has to plan and explain the reasons and submit to the management. The safety of the patient is everyones responsibility. Once a decision has been reached to implement a change, time must be allowed for the sequence of stages designed to reduce resistance and maintain support from others (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). According to Kurt Lewin model of implementing change, there are three stages which are unfreezing, moving, refreezing. During unfreezing, more information and time is needed for the change. The people who are going to be affected are motivated for the change because of the benefits and the people who gave the ideas for the change are commented for their participation. By moving, the second stage of the change process is like a vacuum. This transitional stage when everyone is expected of the change when the old is gone and the new is not in place yet. The third stage of the change process is refreezing. Ongoing monitoring for continued quality must follow refreezing, because it provides valuable information about the ongoing effectiveness of the change (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). In the unionized city hospital, everything goes with seniority. When the senior nurses enjoy more vacation and holidays and leaving the younger nurses to work which results in more sick calls and also bad retention of the staff which compromises safe patient care and patient outcomes. Even the overtime is given according to the seniority where some older nurses are happy to do more overtimes by taking easy assignments and leaving the heavier assignments for younger nurses which also results in burnout and poor staff retention. The nurse manager should collect ideas from the nurses for the change and should update the management of what is going on in the unit and the need for hiring new nurses if the unit needs for safe staffing. During the unfreezing stage the staff in the unit should be notified of the equal rights for everyone and the management should be notified about the need to hire more RNs. All the nurses should be motivated for the change. During the moving process, it is h ard for the adjustment to the change for the senior nurses who is the majority in the unit. The nurse manager should make fair schedules and assignments and make everybody comply with the change. During refreezing stage the nurse manger should continue to make the best schedules and should check for the effectiveness of the staff and the patient outcomes. The characteristics and qualities of change agents include experience, success, being respected, leadership skills, and management competencies (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). Change is a long process and is difficult to achieve. The nurse manager who is the change agent should be calm, positive, optimistic, enthusiastic and able to spend enough time in correcting the problem. The nurse manager’s initial responsibility is to establish a plan of action. The nurse manager should inform her staff and management the reason for a change and should be able to show in measurable terms. The nurse manager should notify all the nurses and the management about the modified vacation time, schedules and the overtimes for safe staffing. The nurse manager should plan for each stage of implementation and should anticipate accommodating any new information and change. Not everybody will be satisfied with the schedule or there may be unexpected staff emergencies or sickness so the nurse manager should be able to get the cooperation of all the staff to perform her duties and should give enough time for the change. According to Lewin’s field theory, there are two opposing forces, the driving force and the restraining force in response to a change. Driving forces generate planned change and restraining forces generate resistance to change (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). The nurse manager by all means has to decrease the resistance to the change so the drive can be increased. The most important element in reducing the resistance is establishing trust by giving explanations, requesting input, acknowledging concerns, making changes in small doses, offering to assist, explaining benefits, and acknowledging success (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). The nurse manager has to explain to the senior nurses and the union representatives and the management, the need for safe staffing by balancing the schedules and assignments to avoid unnecessary vacation time for more than two people at a time during the busiest season, to reduce burnout and overtimes and to improve retention. Staff retention saves lots of money for the management and it improves better patient outcomes. The nurse manager should succeed in the way she/he explain the need for safe staffing, which can decrease falls, medication errors, pressure ulcers, decrease hospital stays, infections and death. Human behavior and interaction is far too complex to be able to gain total support for a change (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). There will be some resistance even with the best explanations given by the nurse manager, but in the long run it will be reduced and can get full support from everybody. The plan for evaluation is consistent with the overall change design, with outcomes being measured against the criteria found in the statements of purpose and objectives for change (Grohar-Murray Langan, 2011). The nurse manager should evaluate the changes. The evaluation of safe staffing can be seen with improved patient and staff satisfaction, better patient outcomes, decrease falls, pressure ulcers and infection rates, decrease sick calls, decrease employee turnover, good feedbacks by the patients and the employees. By interpreting the role of evaluation and the outcomes of changes, the nurse manager can improve and make better plans and modifications. References Grohar-Murray, M. E., Langan, J. (2011). Leadership and management in nursing (4th ed., p. 250-256). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Health Science. Miles, M. (2007).An overview of strategies for planned change in human systems. Retrieved from http://www.innovation.cc/scholarly-style/classic-theories.pdf Roussel, L (2006) Management and Leadership for Nurse Administrators. Fourth edition. Jones and Barlett, London.

Why do Companies Continue with Mergers and Acquisitions when so many Fa

Why do Companies Continue with Mergers and Acquisitions when so many Fail? The phenomenon of mergers and acquisitions (M&A’s) triggers an array of opinions and viewpoints. Often it is a strategy that is seen as a perfect way of achieving growth. It is by no means an organic or natural route to success, but has tended to be a quick and easy way of increasing an organisations size and power. However although there have been ‘waves’ of popularity and success since its introduction in the 1960’s it has also suffered criticism due to the number of failures it has accounted for. Despite the strong suggestion that this strategy has been the architect for many an organisation's downfall there still remains a propensity in the current business environment for managers to adopt it. Throughout this essay I am going to examine some of the areas that explain M&A’s volatility and attempt to discover why managers are persevering with the strategy when it is seemingly flawed. Over the last few decades it has become increasing apparent that the effect of mergers and acquisitions is not as beneficial as once thought. When the growth strategy was pioneered in the middle part of the nineteen hundreds it was looked upon as a way of creating an empire across different sectors and countries. Many experienced managers were sucked into the strategy, only having eyes for the apparent synergistical and positive affects of M&A’s. Although over the following years there has been many success stories concerning M&A’s, when the big picture is examined it displays a more ugly side of the phenomenon. Hodge (1998) discovered that ‘in the go-go ‘80s, 37% of mergers outperformed the average shareholder return in that period; in the fi... ...nal, Autumn; Customer text-section 2, topic 11. - Kieran et al (1994) ‘Planning the deals that generate value and gain advantage’, Mergers and Acquisitions, March-April; Custom text, topic 12. Journals - Doitte S & Smith G (1998). ‘The morning after (avoiding mistakes in acquisitions and mergers)’. Winter v63 i2 p32(8). - Davenport, T (1998). ‘The Integration Challenge (managing corporate mergers’ Management Review. - Heitner M (1998). ‘The thorny business of merging rival firms’, Mergers and Acquisitions. - Hodge, K (1998), ‘The art of the post deal (outcomes of mergers)’. Management Review. - Price, A & Sloane, J (1998). ‘Global Designs: Tough Challenges for - Acquirers’. Mergers and Acquisitions.. - Whipple J & Frankel R (2000), ‘Strategic Alliance Success Factors’. The Journal of Supply Chain Management.

Disney :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Final Copy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If a girl was going to search for her Prince Charming, the first place she should look is in the world of animation. Animation has probably been around since the beginning of time. Although, the artwork that originally resembled animation was only one or two cels, animation today is made up of hundreds or thousands of cels.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The early animated movies were black and white, did not have a plot, and were mostly a series of little gags. Then came ... COLOR. To make an animated movie popular, color was needed to give it style. Walt Disney and his technicians created color to make the movies more enjoyable for the viewers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What was the first Disney Movie to come out? It was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. To make this movie Disney ran into a slight problem. Sure, it was easy to animate animals, but humans? To solve the problem, they filmed live actors doing exactly what the characters would do. This would work, but there was still a problem with the size of objects and losing things in the foreground when the camera zoomed. The solution ... a multiplane camera. In this camera, instead of many layers of artwork, there would be two, the foreground and the background. This made zooming in and out easier.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the 1940's there were four classical Disney feature animated movies to come out: Pinocchio, Dumbo, Fantasia, and, Bambi. Little did Walt Disney know that the five movies that he made would be the base for many more Disney movies. In the movie Pinocchio for example, a toy maker creates a puppet and when he makes a wish upon a star.....the puppet turns into a real boy. Dumbo was the next movie to come about from Disney. Dumbo is a movie that teaches, you can do anything if you put your mind to it. Now Fantasia on the other hand is a totally different kind of movie. It's a cartoon musical. Bambi was the next movie to come out. To some it might be called a tragedy. But to others it might be called a happy and joyful movie. It teaches you to fend for yourself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After World War II Disney came out with a few more feature animated movies such as: Cinderalla, Peter Pan, Lady and the Tramp, and Sleeping Beauty. One thing that Snow White, Cinderalla, and Sleeping Beauty all have in common is that they are all stories about princesses who live happily ever after with their prince.

Media Literacy Essay

Literacy gives us minorities the ability to read and write. Today, we get most our information through an interwoven system of media technologies. The ability to read many types of media has become an essential skill in the 21st Century. Media literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media. I came up with this topic because Media literate youth and adults all over America to better understand the complex messages we receive from television, radio, Internet, newspapers, magazines, books, billboards, video games, music, and all other forms of media.Media can present content that seems and is more or less real, however, it is our duty as the viewers to be able to distinguish, and differentiate between â€Å"reflections of reality, and constructions of reality†. The prime targets of the media are young people because they so unwittingly believe everything the media tells them, from â€Å"how to talk, how to dress, and how to relate to others†. Media literacy skills are included in the educational standards of every state in language arts, social studies, health, science, and other subjects. My potential strength is giving my audience various types of important effects of global media literacy such as education ,health related issues, drugs, alcohol, tobacco, body image, obesity, sex distractions , lack of knowledge and all types of sports that does and does not effects our globalization. I researched and found out many researchers have discovered that media literacy is an effective and engaging way to apply critical thinking skills to a wide range of issues. My main Importance I want my audience to know about media literacy, according to Edward Donnerstein who is a major research interests in mass-media violence, as well as mass media policy. He has published over 240 scientific articles in these general areas and serves on the editorial boards of a number of academic journals in both psychology and communication. Donnerstein States that in his book † Media literacy skills can help youth and adults by developing critical thinking skills, Understanding how media messages shape our culture and society ,recognize, bias, spin ,misinformation, lies and also evaluate media messages based on our own experiences, skills, beliefs, and values. † I learned from Donnerstein that this project with media literacy fit within the existing globalization because media literacy is a delicate issue that has some good and bad effects on everyone in today’s society. For example, Communication has become a major tool to connect if we want to travel to Africa or learn  about Australia information is at our fingertips .We can text someone instantly and get a response back from Russia immediately. We can call someone over Skype in India and talk for free on our computer for as long as we want. Not to mention Facebook and Twitter which have become the most popular social networking tools on the worl d. My study according to Cole VT 2006, an article on television and obesity talks about how the media has strong influence over public thought because of the universal demand of the media, because of the accessibility of media it becomes more influential to those who watch it and the viewers who believe the ideas and stereotypes portrayed through the media; nevertheless, they become the individuals who become influenced by the media. The media demonstrates the ability to create and influence those who watch television; however, one particular group that the media has targeted is children. Television and internet has allowed for the expansion of knowledge to expand globally, but also has the ability to corrupt the mind of the youth. Cole gives us audience a quote stating†The expansion of knowledge is spreading and so is the waist size of the American youth†. It has been established that television, internet and social medial allows for children to become educated through these conventional outlets; however children should be limited to a minimal amount of television because there is correlation between excessive television, internet and an increase in BMI, which has been linked towards the causes of obesity in children. Obesity effect children’s who consume a significant am out of television such as erratic behavior, less active in physical activity, deprivation of sleep, mood swings, Increase in laziness, and increase in weight again which consents of obesity. According to Kong JP, in 2010 his Journal of Society for development in new net environment in B&H. â€Å"children who watch up to three hours of television on average, watching up to at least 40,000 TV commercial per year and developing a favorite television show or program that retains their attention. Based on the fact these impacts can lead to a significant decline in health and overall performance of children. If these bad habits remain continuance this could lead to an unhealthy life and unhealthy habits, which can ultimately be fatal†. However, we parents need to set a good example, because they are role models for their child, and the behavior that children have is usually a replica of the parents. Some parents allow for children to be consumed by television, while they  gallivant in their own activities instead of spending time with their child. By allowing a child to consistently watch television instead of being active in a physical activity can result in the child becoming lazy. It is important to encourage your child to do other activities outside of watching television, so it’s good not to invest all your time on television and find an outside source for entertainment. For instance, if a child asks to play with their mom or dad and the mom tell their child I do not have time, go watch television. Ultimately, the child will begin to rely on the television as there daily activity. It is imperative as a parent that you find quality time to spend with your child and that quality time should be spent awa y from the television. My Methodology of data I collected throughout a quantitative and qualitative research study is that I gain from Elsevier Health Sciences that it is imperative to understand that childhood obesity is at all-time high, and as the years increase so does the sizes of the American children. If children are going to is watching a significant amount of television and internet daily there should be other alternatives and activities provided in place of the television. For instance, for every amount of television or technology being used will result in the same amount of time spent actively engaging in an activity that does not require you to sit in front of the television or , or iPad, Xbox 360 and etc. Also, it is recommended that a maximum of two hours should be spent watching these technologies. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (2001), it is recommended in order to help reduce the amount of television and internet being consumed is to not watch television or use technologies while eating meals, remove all televisions from blatant/obvious places in the houses, such as the living room. There should be no television located in the children’s room because children will stay up all night with their eyes fixated at the television or technologies. Also, it’s good to implement days without television and to plan family activities that allow to children engage actively. By limiting the amount of hours spent on television and internet can help reduce the risk of children becoming obese and allow for them to find other activities that can be beneficial to their growth and allow for them to live a healthy life. Children’s greatest exposure to violence comes from television. TV shows, movies edited for television, and video games expose young children to a level of violence unimaginable just a  few years ago. According to Salmon J, Campbell KJ, Crawford DA states in their Journal of Society for development in new net environment in B&H that majority of teenagers and children today know the underlying themes of the media, and know that it is all scripted even the violence, however, the matter of fact is that teenagers can relate so much to the themes in the media that they slowly begin to believe it. Once they get introduced to the characters, they gradually start to consider them real and starts to partipate in bad behavior Cambell states in his journal that â€Å"our community in today’s society face many obstacles with our youth and the media that is destroying the foundation of family’s and juvenile delinquency. For example, social learning theory, strain theory and control theory, just to name a few, are typically postulated for being directly related our media juvenile delinquency. In dealing with all of these effects and how they play a role with delinquency the question still remains as to whether or not higher crime rates in juveniles are significantly increased when media plays a big factor†. The media has the ability to influence social constructed ideas and creating stratification amongst minorities and ethnic groups allowing for the uses of the television and social media outlets to become addicting. As a result of this addiction it enable individuals such as children to become or remain fixated on these primitive idea of life. And because of this strong addiction towards being entertained it is important to stay tuned to the media and the most up to date gossip or the newest television show. However, According to Tracy Marie Scull who is The National Association for Media Literacy Education’s Journal of Media Literacy Education talks about sex in her article she states,†During adolescence, young people are exposed to information about sex from a myriad of sources including mass media Adolescents frequently cite mass media as a primary source of information about sex (Sutton et al. 2002). Somewhat surprisingly, the media far outrank parents or schools as a source of information about birth control for 15-19-year-olds .In fact, young teens (ages 13-15) rank entertainment media as their top source for information about sexuality and sexual health. Unfortunately, while the media are communicating a plethora of sexual messages, many of those messages would not be considered accurate or healthy. For example, while the amount of sexual content on TV has nearly doubled since 1997 very few teen television shows mention any of the  responsibilities or risks (e.g., using contraception, pregnancy, STIs) associated with sex and almost none of the shows with sexual content include precaution, prevention, or negative outcomes as the primary theme†.